Taurine is believed to be involved in a variety of biological processes. Taurine-containing energy beverages, which typically contain about 1 g of taurine, are sold all over the world for the treatment of a variety of ailments, as well as for improving sports performance and general well-being ( Jong et al., 2021). The average daily intake of omnivorous meals was found to be approximately 58 milligrams. Taurine is found in a variety of foods, especially shellfish and meat. Taurine is primarily obtained through the diet in healthy people, while it can also be produced within the body from cysteine and methionine in the presence of vitamin B 6 ( Froger et al., 2014). As a result, taurine has been introduced to both infant formula and parenteral solutions. Several animal and human studies have recently sparked attention of scientists, emphasizing its usefulness in clinical nutrition and as a possible pharmaconutrient ( Jacobsen & Smith, 1968 Jong, Sandal, & Schaffer, 2021 Joseph, Varughese, & Daniel, 2021).Īccording to reports, children from vegan families that consume little to no taurine, have a higher frequency of pediatric problems. Taurine makes up 0.1% of a normal human's total weight, or 70 g, in a 70 kg person ( Chaudhry, Tandon, Gupta, & Gupta, 2018). Taurine is found in most mammals, with concentrations ranging from micro to milli molar. However, it is unknown whether it can make enough amounts to meet its own demands therefore, we are all likely to rely on dietary taurine. Since, it is one of the conditionally essential amino acids the adult human body can synthesize it. Taurine, unlike real amino acids, is not integrated into proteins and is found in abundance in numerous human tissues, including retina, leukocytes, platelets, skeletal- and cardiac-muscles, as well as the brain ( Table 1) ( Jacobsen & Smith, 1968). It is nonessential in rodents (such as mice and rats), essential in felines (such as cats) and conditionally essential in humans ( Colovic, Vasic, Djuric, & Krstic, 2018). Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is connected in a variety of biological and physiological activities in humans. This evaluation also includes information on taurine-containing energy drinks and their concentration. In this comprehensive review, taurine is discussed in terms of its essentiality, sources, health benefits in newborns and elderly, and consequences of its deficiency, as well as safety and toxicity of taurine supplementation. The objective of this study is to evaluate the available taurine-related literature and describe how taurine benefits the various bodily systems. The function of taurine towards homeostasis has captivated the scientific community's interest since 1975 ( Baliou et al., 2021). Demarcay was the first to use the current word, taurine, in the literature in 1838. Afterward, it was given the name taurus, which comes from the Latin word Bos taurus, which means Ox. Leopold Gmelin and Friedrich Tiedemann, two German scientists, were the first to identify the currently recognized taurine derived from the bile of an ox in 1827, and they labeled it Gallen-Asparagin. The full terms of this licence may be seen at Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence. Published in Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research. Shadab, Rizwan Ahmad and Mohammad Shahid License Copyright © 2022, Nadeem Rais, Akash Ved, Mohd.
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